多晶Au纳米线大塑性变形的原位TEM研究
蒙 月1，王立华1，张 泽1,2，韩晓东1
(1.北京工业大学固体微结构与性能研究所，北京 100124;2.浙江大学电镜中心，材料科学与工程学系，浙江 杭州 310027)
摘 要：本文利用透射电镜‘双倾拉伸实验’技术，原位研究了Au多晶纳米线在拉伸状态下的变形行为。实验发现由纳米晶粒组成的多晶纳米线在室温下具有~48%的大塑性变形能力。这种大塑性变形能力由晶界滑移和晶界的迁移相互协调实现。在滑移的同时，通过晶界原子扩散导致的晶界迁移来协调晶界滑移，避免空洞和裂纹的产生。
关键词: 多晶纳米线；TEM原位拉伸；晶界扩散；晶界滑移；晶界迁移；大塑性变形
中图分类号：TB383；TG115.21+5.3；TG111；TG115.5 文献标识码：A doi:10.3969/j.1000-6281.2014.04.000
In situ TEM studies of the large plastic deformation of nanocrystalline gold nanowire
MENG Yue1,WANG Li-hua1,ZHANG Ze1,2, HAN Xiao-dong1
(1.Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124；2.Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027, China)
Abstract：In this paper, the deformation behaviors of nanocrystalline gold nanowire werein-situ observed with homemade TEM double tilt tensile device. The nanocrystalline nanowires exhibit approximate 48% of homogeneous elongation ability. Thein-situ TEM observation indicates that the ultra-large plastic deformation is realized through the coordination of grain boundary sliding and grain boundary migration. During the deformation process, the grain boundary sliding provides the large plastic deformation ability, which is at the mean time accommodates by the grain boundary migration.
Keywords:nanocrystalline nanowire; in situ TEM tensile; grain boundary diffusion; grain boundary sliding; grain boundary migration; large plastic deformation
全文请到同方知网、万方数据或维普数据等数据网站下载！
[1] Kumar K S, Swygenhoven H V, Suresh S. Mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline metals and alloys[J]. Acta Mater, 2003,51:5743-5774.
[2] Meyers M , Mishra A，Benson D J. Mechanical properties of nanocrystalline materials[J]. Prog Mater Sci, 2006, 51：427–556.
[3] Greer J R, De Hosson J M. Plasticity in small-sized metallic systems: Intrinsic versus extrinsic size effect[J]. Prog Mater Sci，2011, 56: 654-724.
[4] Schiotz J, Di Tolla F D, Jacobsen K W. Softening of nanocrystalline metals at very small grain sizes[J]. Nature, 1998, 391: 561-563.
[5] Yip S. Nanocrystals: The strongest size[J]. Nature，1998, 391：532-533.
[6] Swygenhoven H V, Derlet P M. Grain-boundary sliding in nanocrystalline fcc metals[J]. Phys Rev B, 2001, 64:224105.
[7] Swygenhoven H V. Grain boundaries and dislocations[J]. Science，2002，296：66-67.
[8] Schiotz J, Jacobsen K W. A maximum in the strength of nanocrystalline copper[J]. Science，2003, 301:1357-1359.
[9] Swygenhoven H V, Weertman J R. Preface to the viewpoint set on:mechanical Properties of fully dense nanocrystalline metals[J].Scripta Mater, 2003, 49:625-627.
[10] Ke M, Hackney S A, Milligan W W, et al. Observation and measurement of grain rotation and plastic strain in nanostructured metal thin films[J]. Nanostruct Mater，1995，5:689-697.
[11] Shan Z W, Stach E A, Wiezorek J M K, et al. Grain boundary-mediated plasticity in nanocrystalline nickel[J]. Science, 2004,305:654-657.
[12] Wang Y B, Li B Q, Sui M L, et al. Deformation-induced grain rotation and growth in nanocrystalline Ni[J]. Appl Phys Lett, 2008, 92: 011903.
[13] Liu P, Mao S C, Wang L H, et al. Direct dynamic atomic mechanisms of strain-induced grain rotation in nanocrystalline, textured, columnar-structured thin gold films[J]. Scripta Mater, 2011, 64: 343-346.
[14] Nieh T G, Wadsworth J, Sherby O D. Superplasticity in metals and ceramics[M]. Cambridge：CambridgeUniversityPress, 1997.
[15] Gifkins R C. Grain-boundary sliding and its accommodation during creep and superplasticity[J]. Metall Trans A，1976,7:1225-1232.
[16] Wang L H, Zhang Z, Han X D. In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale [J]. NPG Asia Mater，2013, 5.
[17] Gianola D S,Farkas D, Gamarra M, et al. The role of confinement on stress-driven grain boundary motion in nanocrystalline aluminum thin films[J].Appl Phys Lett，2012, 112: 124313.
[18] Mompiou F, Legros M, Boe´ A, et al. Inter- and intragranular plasticity mechanisms in ultrafine-grained Al thin films: An in situ TEM study[J]. Acta Materialia, 2013,61:205–216.
[19] Cao A J, Wei Y G, Ma E. Grain boundary effects on plastic deformation and fracture mechanisms in Cu nanowires: Molecular dynamics simulations[J]. Phys Rev B, 2008, 77:195429.
[20] Zhu Y X, Li Z H, Huang M S. Coupled effect of sample size and grain size in polycrystalline Al nanowires[J]. Scripta Materialia, 2013,68:663–666.
[21] Wu Z X, Zhang Y W, Jhon M H, et al. Anatomy of nanomaterial deformation: Grain boundary sliding, plasticity and cavitation in nanocrystalline Ni[J]. Acta Materialia, 2013, 61: 5807–5820.
[22] Jang D C,Greer J R. Size-induced weakening and grain boundary-assisted deformation in 60 nm grained Ni nanopillars[J]. Scripta Materialia,2011, 64 :77–80.
[23] Wendy G X, Loynachan C N,Wu Z X, et al. Size-dependent deformation of nanocrystalline Pt nanopillars[J]. Nano Letters, 2012, 12:6385-6392.
[24] 韩晓东, 刘攀, 张跃飞, 等. 透射电镜用非磁性双金属片驱动器[P]. 中国专利：200910086803.2.
[25] 韩晓东, 张泽. 原子点阵分辨率下的原位力学性能实验[J]. 电子显微学报，2010, 29:191-212.
[26] 岳永海, 周晓亮, 王立华, 等. Cu 纳米线的制备及其力学性能的研究[J]. 电子显微学报，2011, 30：175-180..
[27] Wang L H, Han X D, Liu P, et al. In situ observation of dislocation behavior in nanometer grains[J]. Phys Rev Lett，2010, 105: 135501.
[28] Wang L H, Zhang Z, Ma E, et al. Transmission electron microscopy observations of dislocation annihilation and storage in nanograins[J]. Appl Phys Lett，2011, 98: 051905.
[29] Wang L H, Liu P ,Guan P F, et al.In situ atomic-scale observation of continuous and reversible lattice deformation beyond the elastic limit[J]. Nature Communication, 2013, 3413:1-7.
[30] Yue Y H., Liu P, Han X D, et al. Approaching the theoretical elastic strain limit in copper nanowires[J]. Nano Letters, 2011，11：3151-3155.
[31] Yue Y H, Liu P, Deng Q S, et al. Quantitative evidence of crossover toward partial dislocation mediated plasticity in copper single crystalline nanowires[J]. Nano Letters, 2012, 12:4045-4049.
[32] Yue Y H, Wang L H, Zhang Z, et al. Cross-over of the plasticity mechanism in nanocrystalline Cu[J]. Chin Phys Lett，2012, 29:066201.
