热处理对一种新型析出强化型奥氏体不锈钢显微组织与性能的影响
张昊翔，丁青青*，姚 霞，周 倩，刘登宇，魏 晓，贝红斌*
(浙江大学材料科学与工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027)
摘 要 新型析出强化型奥氏体不锈钢Fe-(26-29)Ni-(13-19)Cr-(2.8-3.0)Al-(1.8-2.4)Ti（wt.%）具有优异的高温强度和抗氧化性能。为了揭示热处理工艺与力学性能间关联关系，本文利用先进扫描/透射电子显微技术系统地研究了再结晶和时效温度对Fe-29Ni-18Cr-3Al-2.35Ti (wt.%)合金显微结构的影响，利用拉伸试验测试了热处理工艺不同合金的力学性能。试验结果表明时效处理后，钢中均析出大量与基体共格的L12结构纳米级球形析出相Ni3(Al, Ti)，但再结晶温度低于1040℃或时效温度高于720℃时，合金中将析出有害相{Ni2AlTi和Fe(Cr, Mo)}，这些有害相虽然能够提高合金室温强度，但会消耗Al、Ti元素，降低纳米Ni3(Al, Ti)体积分数，损害合金的高温强度。
关键词 热处理工艺；析出强化；显微组织；力学性能
中图分类号：TG132.3+2；TG113.12；TG113.25+1；TG113.25+3 文献标识码：A
The Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of a precipitation-strengthened austenitic stainless steel
ZHANG Haoxiang，DING Qingqing*，YAO Xia，ZHOU Qian，
LIU Dengyu，WEI Xiao，BEI Hongbin*
(School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027，China)
Abstract The newly-developed precipitation-strengthened austenitic stainless steels Fe-(26-29)Ni-(13-19)Cr-(2.8-3.0)Al-(1.8-2.4)Ti(wt.%) exhibit excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. To elucidate the relationship between heat treatment and mechanical properties, the effects of recrystallization and aging temperatures on the microstructure of Fe-29Ni-18Cr-3Al-2.35Ti (wt.%) steel were systematically investigated using advanced scanning/transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of steels subjected to different heat treatments were measured via tensile tests. Results showed that after aging treatment, a large number of spherical Ni3(Al, Ti) nanoprecipitates with an L12 structure formed in the steels. However, when the recrystallization temperature was lower than 1040 oC or the aging temperature was higher than 720 oC, harmful phases [Ni2AlTi and Fe (Cr, Mo)] precipitated. Although those harmful phases appeared to improve the strength at room temperature, they consumed Al and Ti elements, reducing the volume fraction of nano-Ni3 (Al, Ti) and consequently decreasing the high-temperature strength of the steels.
Keywords heat treatment; precipitation strengthening; microstructure; mechanical property
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